by eclewis | May 20, 2015 | Business News
Whenever you are thinking about buying a business (or selling a business) it is expected that you will perform your due diligence before the sale is final to help decide whether or not the purchase is a good idea by verifying the material facts related to the transaction. This post discussing financial due diligence will be the first in a series discussing the different aspects of due diligence that should be performed prior to finalizing a transaction.
The idea behind financial due diligence is to help determine the value of the company you are buying by reviewing their financial documents. These financial documents should be audited independently to determine their accuracy.
- Financial statements for the past few years
- Income statements for the past few years
- Tax returns for the past few years
- Balance Sheets for the past few years
- Description and valuation of significant assets (including real estate and accompanying title and tax information, as well as information of depreciation schedule)
- Any current budgets, revenue projections, or other similar documents
- Any loan or other promissory note documentation (as well as any security interests against the business or its assets)
You want to be sure that nothing in these documents is questionable or raises any concerns about the current and future value of the company or assets that you are purchasing. You want to be sure that you have all the right information so that you can negotiate in a fair and informed way. If the other party is unable to produce these documents, that may raise a red flag as well, and you will want to be sure that you raise these issues with your professional advisors (attorney, accountant, etc.) to determine what the next course of action should be.
Big purchases can be very emotional, whether it is buying a home or a car, it can be easy to get emotionally attached to the prospective purchase. However, you don’t want to let yourself get so caught up in the emotional excitement of taking over a business that you lose site that this is a business transaction. You need to independently verify that everything is what the current owners say it is with regard to the business you are thinking about buying.
If you need assistance with legal help and/or document drafting for your business sale, please contact the Law Office of E.C. Lewis, P.C., home of your Denver Business Attorney, Elizabeth Lewis, at 720-258-6647 or email her at elizabeth.lewis@eclewis.com.
by eclewis | May 6, 2015 | IP Law
Simply put, non-compete agreements are contractual agreements that generally provide for individuals not to compete with their employer while they are employed and for a period of time after leaving the company. Even the sandwich company, Jimmy John’s, has been under fire for its broad non-competes for its low-level employees including sandwich makers and delivery drivers not to compete with any restaurant that sells sandwiches for two years.
Generally speaking, all states require non-competes to be “reasonable” to be valid, but some states go even further. California considers almost all non-competes to be invalid by default, which some claim sparked the economic boom in Silicon Valley by fostering competition.
Here in Colorado under C.R.S. § 8-2-113, non-competes must fit within four particular exceptions to be upheld in court as valid and enforceable.
These specific exceptions include:
- Contracts for the purchase and sale of a business or its assets
- Contracts for the protection of trade secrets
- Contracts providing for the recovery of education and training expenses of an employee who has served an employer for less than two years
- Executive and management personnel and officers and employees who constitute professional staff to executive and management personnel
If the non-compete does not fit within one of these statutory exceptions, then it is not considered to be valid in the State of Colorado. However, even if it may appear to fit within an exception, there are still fact-specific considerations and other reasonableness concerns as to the specific applicability and terms of the agreement that need be considered. So before you have your employees sign a non-compete or think about starting your own business when you have already signed a non-compete, be sure to speak with a knowledgeable attorney first to find out more about its enforceability.
Even if it looks like it would be considered unenforceable by the courts, there is always some level of risk in taking it to court. Additionally, there is a lot of time, money, and stress involved in that process, so it may still be a good idea to wait out the agreement or even try negotiating a settlement between you and the company. With these other considerations in mind, the importance of discussing the options with an experienced attorney is even more vital.
If you would like help in drafting or reviewing a non-compete for you, reach out to the Law Office of E.C. Lewis, P.C., home of your Denver business attorney, Elizabeth Lewis at 720-258-6647 or by email at elizabeth.lewis@eclewis.com.
by eclewis | Apr 29, 2015 | IP Law
Business is business, and the law is the law. Sometimes the combination of these two are unavoidable, even necessary, such as when it comes to business entity formation, contracts, licensing, permits, and the list goes on. In today’s electronic and technology-driven economy, intangible or intellectual property is becoming even more valuable than ever. When it comes to businesses, a lot of this comes down to their brand, their name, their slogans, which often use trademark protection to solidify and help protect these intangibles.
Trademarks as a system, were fundamentally designed to help avoid consumer confusion. That is ultimately the purpose. Trademark rights and protections are designed to prevent other businesses from coming up with products that use other business’ names, phrases, and sometimes even look and feel, sound, or color, which can cause consumers to buy something they thought was made by someone else because they were confused. Imagine a world without trademark protection. You’d probably never know for sure if those shoes with the Swoosh on them were actually made by Nike or not!
In an interesting local trademark story, a while back, Longmont-based craft beermaker, Left Hand Brewing Company, tried to register the trademark for the word “Nitro” as it relates to beer, after it came out with its Milk Stout Nitro beer. This is not the first time we have talked about craft brewery trademark issues, and it likely won’t be the last. Craft brewery trademark disputes are becoming more and more common.
In this case, the company wanted to use the word Nitro to distinguish its nitrogenated beers. It may seem like a harmless thing to do, but boy did it bring the company a lot of trouble. Other companies took action when they saw Left Hand trying to trademark the word, maybe you’ve heard of some of them, they include the makers of Budweiser, Samuel Adams, and Guinness!
Left Hand claimed it was doing it to prevent a bigger beermaker from ultimately registering the trademark, but due to the legal action from other brewers and the upset from the craft beer community over Left Hand’s actions, the company ultimately withdrew its efforts. Craft beerdrinkers were upset that Left Hand was trying to essentially “own” the word Nitro as it relates to beer. Other brewers use nitrogen in their products too, and being such a clear choice for a descriptive word, it only makes sense to use it to differentiate it from traditionally carbonated products.
Let this be a lesson. Whenever your business is thinking about asserting intellectual property rights or trademarks over something, it is important to think of it not only as a legal decision but a business decision as well. Businesses must think about how these actions will impact their competitors and how they might respond. Additionally, the way existing and potential consumers of your business’ products may respond to the news is critical to consider too.
Even if you may have a valid legal claim to something, it may not always be the best business decision to pursue it to the fullest. Cost-benefit analysis is key to situations like this, and it is clearly a good idea to consider both the business and legal ramifications of the different courses of action available to you. Branding is about more than logos, names, trademarks, etc. It is about the image your portray as a company, and a growing component of that is how litigious the company is, especially if it can be perceived as an “unfair” or “unnecessary” use of the legal system.
If your business needs help regarding a trademark, other intellectual property, or other business legal needs, do not hesitate to reach out to the Law Office of E.C. Lewis, P.C., home of your Denver Business Attorney, Elizabeth Lewis, at 720-258-6647 or email her at elizabeth.lewis@eclewis.com.
by eclewis | Apr 22, 2015 | Business News
In a previous post, we talked about the importance of diversifying your business and the benefits that it can have toward your success. This time, we’ll talk more about developing an initial idea for a business.
You’ve probably heard it said before, that they key to a successful business is usually in the form of one of two ideas. The first is for your business to do something that other businesses are already doing but doing it in a different or better way. The second is for your business to do something completely different, something new, that nobody else is really doing (or perhaps just nobody in that particular area).
When you are doing something that others are already doing, in order to succeed, you probably need some kind of differentiator to make your business stand out. Maybe you will provide better customer service, maybe your business has greater expertise in the area than competitors, or maybe you are just in a more convenient location than the rest. There are benefits to this approach though too. By doing something others are doing, you know that there are customers out there, you know that it is possible to succeed. Basically, you don’t have to reinvent the wheel.
If you are doing something different, that nobody else is doing, it can be even riskier endeavor. Sometimes there’s a reason that nobody else has done it. Perhaps others have tried and failed, maybe there are legal or regulatory challenges in the way, or it could just be a concept that won’t generate enough customers to survive. However, by doing something new, it may be easier to attract customers, since you don’t have any direct competitors (for now—remember if your business is successful, it is only a matter of time before others try to jump in and compete).
Either route toward success will be challenging, but can be very rewarding.
It can seem hard to come up with that great business idea, something that nobody else is doing, or coming up with that critical differentiator to make your business do what others do, so much better than the competition. Sometimes you may be able to find a way to get some of the benefits of both approaches.
For example, you may consider combining two things that people already do and like to form a sort-of new, hybrid business. This can go hand in hand with that idea of diversifying your business that we have discussed before. With this approach, you can attract traditional customers of either business, as well as bring in new customers as a result of this new business concept. You also aren’t tasked with coming up with a completely new idea or way of necessarily being better than all the competition of the individual businesses. This could help you capture some of the benefits of either approach to coming up with a good business idea.
The current age of technology and rapid changes taking place in the economy are opening up all kinds of opportunities that would not have existed or been considered 5 or even 10 years ago. People seem to be more willing to try new things now than ever before, so this can open up the door for small businesses and entrepreneurs to find new and creative ways to bring new value or consolidate the value provided by other businesses in a new and exciting way. Another aspect of this is that this fast-paced change can also make it even more difficult to predict how successful a business will be. Moreover, this could make it nearly impossible to project the successfulness of a business over the long-term.
With whatever idea you come up with or consider, you should be sure to speak with experienced professionals and advisers before getting started. This way you can be more aware of the potential risks and know what challenges you will face with starting a business.
If you’re thinking about making that leap to start your own business, do not hesitate to reach out for legal help and guidance from the Law Office of E.C. Lewis, PC, home of your Denver Business Attorney, Elizabeth Lewis, at 720-258-6647 or email her at elizabeth.lewis@eclewis.com.
by eclewis | Apr 15, 2015 | Misc. Legal Tidbits
In an age of technology enabling new ways to conduct business anywhere on a smartphone and work-from-home opportunities for many workers, it can be difficult to disconnect and get away from your business or job. If you are trying to open a new business or keep a small-business going, it can be especially stressful to even think about taking time off or having employees take time off. The worries about who will pick up the slack or how can the business afford it are powerful concerns.
Recently, there have been some federal and state proposals to mandate that employers provide their workers with more opportunity to take job-protected paid time off that would essentially expand the Family Medical Leave Act. Simply put, FMLA already provides workers with job-protected leave that is unpaid for a personal or family member illness or after a baby is born.
Here in Colorado, there is a proposal that would have every worker pay several dollars a week from their paycheck to fund a program that would allow workers to apply for all or a portion of their wages to be paid by the program if they need to take time off for maternity/paternity leave, an illness, or other similar circumstance. The program would pay a portion of the workers normal income that would be higher for low-wage workers, and a lower portion for higher-wage workers. The idea is that it would be a way for more employees to get access to paid time off, without burdening businesses, especially small-businesses, with the cost of paying the worker while they are gone.
However, it seems that most businesses and business groups oppose the measure, citing the administrative costs in managing the deductions and payroll with such a program and the challenges associated with finding temporary replacements for employees on job-protected leave. Businesses also fear that if the paycheck deductions are insufficient to fund the program, that businesses will end up covering any deficits.
On the other end of the spectrum, there are many companies and small-businesses that say that their workers already have access to these kinds of benefits. They say that they make sure that their employees get the time they need through a time off plan that suits their employer-employee relationship on a more individualized level.
Another interesting approach is one from a Denver-based tech company, FullContact. They have an extraordinary vacation policy that they call “Paid, PAID Vacation.” With this approach, they give their employees a minimum of 15 days of vacation with full pay every year, but they also give each employee $7,500 to pay for the vacation itself. The only catch for getting the bonus is that employees must actually go on vacation, they must “disconnect,” and they cannot work during this time off. Part of the inspiration for this program came when the CEO and founder was on vacation in Egypt. He was riding on a camel, in Egypt, with the Pyramids in view, and he was staring at his smartphone. There is a framed photo commemorating this moment at the company’s office. The company has called it a “giant experiment” that is designed to reward their employees and also help the company through benefits like increased productivity and employee retention. FullContact has had this program since 2012, so it looks like the company is satisfied with the results of this experiment.
If your business has questions about laws covering employee time off or about having an employee handbook or policies drafted with legal issues in mind, don’t hesitate to reach out to the Law Office of E.C. Lewis, P.C., home of your Denver Business Attorney, Elizabeth Lewis, at 720-258-6647 or email her at elizabeth.lewis@eclewis.com.
